ABSTRACT
The study's objective was to examine the clinically significant changes in regular laboratory testing in individuals with diabetes mellitus complicated by corona virus illness in 2019. (COVID-19). Methods From January 21 to March 2, 2020, the Department of Infectious Diseases at Nanyang Central Hospital in the Henan Province received test results from COVID-19 patients. The patients were split into two groups: those with diabetes mellitus (DM) and those without diabetes mellitus (NDM). The Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to assess the differences between the two groups, and the risk variables for patients with severe conditions were examined using logistic regression analysis. In the non-DM group, there were 36 instances, while in the DM group, there were 17 cases. The age difference between the DM group and the non-DM group was statistically significant (t=3.31, P=0.001), with the DM group's age being 59.12 10.92 years as opposed to the non-DM group's age being 45.03 16.73 years. The neutrophil count, FIB, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-4 levels of the DM group were significantly higher than those of the non-DM group, while the lymphocyte count was significantly lower. The differences were statistically significant (t=2.45 3.40, all P 0.05), and the lymphocyte count was lower than the neutrophil count in both groups. The percentage of severe COVID-19 (58.80% vs. 16.67%) and hospital stay (15.18 vs. 10.39 vs. 5.82 days) were both statistically significantly greater in the DM group than in the non-DM group. After correcting for gender and age, it was shown that lymphocyte count and diabetes were separate risk factors for patients with severe COVID-19. COVID-19 patients with diabetes had a more prominent inflammatory response and were in a hypercoagulable condition. For them, individualized hypoglycemic treatment should be used.